The conceptual evolution of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) from being seen as
a simple metabolic cofactor to a pivotal cosubstrate for proteins regulating metabolism and …

Humans, like all mammals, partition their daily behaviour into activity (wakefulness) and rest
(sleep) phases that differ largely in their metabolic requirements. The circadian clock …

Metabolic diseases are often characterized by circadian misalignment in different tissues,
yet how altered coordination and communication among tissue clocks relate to specific …

Many physiological processes are regulated with a 24-h periodicity to anticipate the
environmental changes of daytime to nighttime and vice versa. These 24-h regulations …

Numerous physiological functions exhibit substantial circadian oscillations. In the kidneys,
renal plasma flow, the glomerular filtration rate and tubular reabsorption and/or secretion …

Hypoxia, characterized by reduced oxygen concentration, is a significant stressor that affects
the survival of aerobic species and plays a prominent role in cardiovascular diseases. From …

Found in all organisms, pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes (PDC) are the keystones of
prokaryotic and eukaryotic energy metabolism. In eukaryotic organisms these multi …

Significance: Mitochondria produce most of the cellular ATP through the process of oxidative
phosphorylation. Energy metabolism in the mitochondria is associated with the production of …

Alterations in cellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels have been observed
in multiple lifestyle and age-related medical conditions. This has led to the hypothesis that …

Molecular clocks in the periphery coordinate tissue-specific daily biorhythms by integrating
input from the hypothalamic master clock and intracellular metabolic signals. One such key …