The integrated differential ring oscillator (DRO) in complementary metal oxide
semiconductor (CMOS) technology has been used in numerous products for a long time. Its …

The performance of high-speed wireline data links depend crucially on the quality and
precision of their clocking infrastructure. For future applications, such as microprocessor …

This article describes the challenges in the design of monolithic clock and data recovery
circuits used in high-speed transceivers. Following an overview of general issues, the task of …

A phase-locked clock and data recovery circuit incorporates a multiphase LC oscillator and
a quarter-rate bang-bang phase detector. The oscillator is based on differential excitation of …

A 10-Gb/s phase-locked clock and data recovery circuit incorporates a multiphase LC
oscillator and a half-rate phase/frequency detector with automatic data retiming. Fabricated …

This paper presents a 10-Gb/s clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit for use in multichannel
applications. The module aligns the phase of a plesiochronous system clock to the incoming …

Current-mode circuits, where information is represented by the branch currents of the circuits
rather than the nodal voltages as of voltage-mode circuits, possess many unique and …

This paper describes the capabilities of deep-submicron CMOS technologies for the
realization of highly integrated optical communication transceivers in the range of tens of …

A new method for deriving an equation for the oscillation frequency of a ring oscillator is
proposed. The method is general enough to be used for a variety of types of delay stages …

A CMOS voltage controlled ring oscillator based on N-stage single-ended chain of different
inverter types is described in this paper. The proposal is characterized by increased …