How the shape of embryos and organs emerges during development is a fundamental
question that has fascinated scientists for centuries. Tissue dynamics arise from a small set …

The fascinating patterns of collective motion created by autonomously driven particles have
fuelled active-matter research for over two decades. So far, theoretical active-matter …

Final organ size and shape result from volume expansion by growth and shape changes by
contractility. Complex morphologies can also arise from differences in growth rate between …

Active camouflage is widely recognized as a soft-tissue feature, and yet the ability to
integrate adaptive coloration and tissuelike mechanical properties into synthetic materials …

Human brain wrinkling has been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders and yet its
origins remain unknown. Polymer gel models suggest that wrinkling emerges spontaneously …

The rise of flexible and stretchable electronics has revolutionized biosensor techniques for
probing biological systems. Particularly, flexible and stretchable electrochemical sensors …

There is increasing evidence that both mechanical and biochemical signals play important
roles in development and disease. The development of complex organisms, in particular …

Morphological instabilities and surface wrinkling of soft materials such as gels and biological
tissues are of growing interest to a number of academic disciplines including soft …

Gastric and small intestinal organoids differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells
(hPSCs) have revolutionized the study of gastrointestinal development and disease. Distal …

The villi of the human and chick gut are formed in similar stepwise progressions, wherein the
mesenchyme and attached epithelium first fold into longitudinal ridges, then a zigzag …