The effectiveness of poultry vaccination in preventing the transmission of highly pathogenic
avian influenza viruses (AIVs) has been debated, and its impact on wild birds remains …

The increasing incidence of emerging infectious diseases emphasizes the urgent need for
timely and accurate global surveillance and early warning systems. In recent years …

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) circulate among different species and have the potential to cause
significant pandemics in humans. This study focuses on reassortment events in the H5N8 …

Abstract Brown-Headed Gull (Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus) is the most common
summer visitor on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and is a species that is susceptible to …

Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in wild animals highlight the need for
disease surveillance in wild birds to improve our understanding of their role as reservoirs …

The ongoing panzootic of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 clade 2.3. 4.4 b has
caused widespread poultry mortality and raised concerns about zoonotic pandemics and …

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) represents a threat to animal health, human
health, and economic prosperity, with the ongoing outbreak in wild and domestic animals …

Since late 2021, a panzootic of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus has driven
significant morbidity and mortality in wild birds, domestic poultry, and mammals. In North …

Abstract Beginning in 2005, Qinghai Lake on the Tibetan Plateau was the scene of the
unprecedented appearance of avian influenza among migratory birds. These were …

Many pathogens have large geographic distributions, but we currently have little ability to
predict how they may change over time. Understanding what mechanisms drive the large …