Abstract Interleukin 12 (IL-12) seemed to represent the ideal candidate for tumor
immunotherapy, due to its ability to activate both innate (NK cells) and adaptive (cytotoxic T …

Gene therapy is now being applied to the treatment of a wide variety of acquired and
inherited diseases. One of the rate-limiting steps for successful gene therapy is the efficiency …

Publisher Summary Although interleukin-12 (IL-12) has been discovered only relatively
recently, a remarkable level of knowledge has been obtained for this cytokine, and many …

Abstract Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the enzyme at the rate-limiting step of prostanoid
production, has been found to be overexpressed in human lung cancer. To evaluate lung …

As science progresses in its understanding of diseases and their treatment, advances have
been made in the biotechnology used in disease therapy. Most gene therapy approaches …

T-cell–based immunotherapies can be effective in the treatment of large vascularized
tumors, but they rely on adoptive transfer of substantial numbers (∼ 20 million) of tumor …

Tumor-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) modifies cytokine balance and inhibits host
immunity. We hypothesized that a high level of PGE2 production by lung tumor cells is …

Genetically engineered, neuroattenuated herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) expressing various
cytokines can improve survival when used in the treatment of experimental brain tumors …

The antitumor effect and mechanisms activated by murine IL-12 and IL-18, cytokines that
induce IFN-gamma production, were studied using engineered SCK murine mammary …

Immune-activating cytokines such as interleukin-12 (IL-12) hold strong potential for cancer
immunotherapy but have been limited by high systemic toxicities. We describe here an …