Regulatory T (Treg) cells represent a distinct lineage of cells of the adaptive immune system
indispensable for forestalling fatal autoimmune and inflammatory pathologies. The role of …

T cells are crucial for immune functions to maintain health and prevent disease. T cell
development occurs in a stepwise process in the thymus and mainly generates CD4+ and …

The thymus is an evolutionarily conserved organ that supports the development of T cells.
Not only does the thymic environment support the rearrangement and expression of diverse …

Prenatal and early postnatal life represent key periods of immune system development. In
addition to genetics and host biology, environment has a large and irreversible role in the …

Research on newborn immunity has revealed the importance of cell ontogeny, feto-maternal
tolerance, and the transfer of maternal antibodies. Less is known about postnatal adaptation …

Medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) ectopically express thousands of peripheral-tissue
antigens (PTAs), which drive deletion or phenotypic diversion of self-reactive immature T …

Naturally occurring CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), which specifically express the
transcription factor FoxP3 in the nucleus and CD25 and CTLA-4 on the cell surface, are a …

Abstract The FOXP3+ CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cells located in non-lymphoid tissues differ
in phenotype and function from their lymphoid organ counterparts. Tissue Treg cells have …

Microbes colonize all body surfaces at birth and participate in the development of the
immune system. In newborn mammals, the intestinal microbiota is first shaped by the dietary …

Molecular, cellular, and clinical studies of human inborn errors of immunity have
revolutionized our understanding of their pathogenesis, considerably broadened their …