External human–machine interfaces for autonomous vehicle-to-pedestrian communication: A review of empirical work

A Rouchitsas, H Alm - Frontiers in psychology, 2019 - frontiersin.org
Interaction between drivers and pedestrians is often facilitated by informal communicative
cues, like hand gestures, facial expressions, and eye contact. In the near future, however …

[HTML][HTML] Review and assessment of different perspectives of vehicle-pedestrian conflicts and crashes: Passive and active analysis approaches

A Sheykhfard, F Haghighi, E Papadimitriou… - Journal of traffic and …, 2021 - Elsevier
The importance of investigating pedestrian safety has been evaluated repeatedly in safety
studies. The present study attempts to evaluate the various methods used by previous …

Autonomous vehicles that interact with pedestrians: A survey of theory and practice

A Rasouli, JK Tsotsos - IEEE transactions on intelligent …, 2019 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
One of the major challenges that autonomous cars are facing today is driving in urban
environments. To make it a reality, autonomous vehicles require the ability to communicate …

Communicating intent of automated vehicles to pedestrians

A Habibovic, VM Lundgren, J Andersson… - Frontiers in …, 2018 - frontiersin.org
While traffic signals, signs, and road markings provide explicit guidelines for those operating
in and around the roadways, some decisions, such as determinations of “who will go first,” …

Designing the interaction of automated vehicles with other traffic participants: design considerations based on human needs and expectations

A Schieben, M Wilbrink, C Kettwich, R Madigan… - Cognition, Technology & …, 2019 - Springer
Automated vehicles (AV) are expected to be integrated into mixed traffic environments in the
near future. As human road users have established elaborated interaction strategies to …

Defining interactions: A conceptual framework for understanding interactive behaviour in human and automated road traffic

G Markkula, R Madigan, D Nathanael… - Theoretical Issues in …, 2020 - Taylor & Francis
Rapid advances in technology for highly automated vehicles (HAVs) have raised concerns
about coexistence of HAVs and human road users. Although there is a long tradition of …

External HMI for self-driving vehicles: Which information shall be displayed?

SM Faas, LA Mathis, M Baumann - … research part F: traffic psychology and …, 2020 - Elsevier
The objective of this study was to investigate pedestrians' informational needs towards self-
driving vehicles (SDVs). Previous research has shown that external human-machine …

Understanding pedestrian behavior in complex traffic scenes

A Rasouli, I Kotseruba… - IEEE Transactions on …, 2017 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Designing autonomous vehicles for urban environments remains an unresolved problem.
One major dilemma faced by autonomous cars is understanding the intention of other road …

Road users rarely use explicit communication when interacting in today's traffic: implications for automated vehicles

YM Lee, R Madigan, O Giles, L Garach-Morcillo… - Cognition, Technology & …, 2021 - Springer
To be successful, automated vehicles (AVs) need to be able to manoeuvre in mixed traffic in
a way that will be accepted by road users, and maximises traffic safety and efficiency. A …

The case for implicit external human-machine interfaces for autonomous vehicles

D Moore, R Currano, GE Strack, D Sirkin - Proceedings of the 11th …, 2019 - dl.acm.org
Autonomous vehicles'(AVs) interactions with pedestrians remain an ongoing uncertainty.
Several studies have claimed the need for explicit external human-machine interfaces …