Locomotion on small scales is dominated by the effects of viscous forces and, as a result, is
subject to strong physical and mathematical constraints. Following Purcell's statement of the …

It has been known for some time that some microorganisms can swim faster in high-viscosity
gel-forming polymer solutions. These gel-like media come to mimic highly viscous …

Cell motility in viscous fluids is ubiquitous and affects many biological processes, including
reproduction, infection and the marine life ecosystem. Here we review the biophysical and …

Collective cell chemotaxis, the directed migration of cell groups along gradients of soluble
chemical cues, underlies various developmental and pathological processes. We use neural …

The spatiotemporal dynamics in systems of active self-propelled particles is controlled by the
propulsion mechanism in combination with various direct interactions, such as steric …

Cells migrate by applying rearward forces against extracellular media. It is unclear how this
is achieved in amoeboid migration, which lacks adhesions typical of lamellipodia-driven …

Swimming, ie, being able to advance in the absence of external forces by performing cyclic
shape changes, is particularly demanding at low Reynolds numbers. This is the regime of …

We propose a hydrodynamic model for a spheroidal microswimmer with two tangential
surface velocity modes. This model is analytically solvable and reduces to Lighthill's and …

The energy dissipation and entropy production by self-propelled microswimmers differ
profoundly from passive particles pulled by external forces. The difference extends both to …

We discuss the modelling of a microswimmer that operates in a'squirmer'mode, by means of
stochastic rotation dynamics. The squirmer that we model can easily be tuned between …