Agrowing understanding of the neuropharmacol-ogy of spinal cord processing of
nociceptive input has led to intense interest in the use of spinal drugs in anesthesia and pain …

Braun first experimented with its use as a “chemical tourniquet” in the early 1900s. 1 A
century of use attests to the general safety of adjuvant epinephrine, yet we have only modest …

This Hadzic's Textbook of Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management, Second
Edition book is not really ordinary book, you have it then the world is in your hands. The …

Background: Basic pharmacological research indicates that there are synergistic
antinociceptive effects at the spinal cord level between adrenaline, fentanyl and …

We have shown that epinephrine markedly improves the analgesic effect of a thoracic
epidural infusion of bupivacaine and fentanyl. Ropivacaine has an intrinsic vasoconstrictive …

Background: We have documented that adrenaline 2.0 µg· ml− 1 markedly improves relief of
dynamic pain when added to a thoracic epidural analgesic infusion of bupivacaine 1 mg …

Local anesthetics reversibly block the generation and propagation of electrical impulses in
nerves, thereby causing sensory and motor blockade. They are primarily used for local and …

Epidural and spinal anaesthesia results from the interaction of local anaesthetics with nerve
structures, primarily those located within the subarachnoid space. Local anaesthetics can …

Adrenaline has been added to local anaesthetic solutions for more than a century. The aim
has been to delay the absorption of the local anaesthetic drug and to prolong and enhance …

The study of spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) after spinal drug application is an important
aspect of preclinical neurotoxicological screening. This investigation was designed to study …