Cancer development is driven by the accumulation of alterations affecting the structure and
function of the genome. Whereas genetic changes disrupt the DNA sequence, epigenetic …

Biomarkers are naturally-occurring characteristics by which a particular pathological process
or disease can be identified or monitored. They can reflect past environmental exposures …

Epigenetic changes can be defined as stable molecular alterations of a cellular phenotype
such as the gene expression profile of a cell that are heritable during somatic cell divisions …

DNA methylation plays a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression and chromatin
organization within normal eukaryotic cells. In cancer, however, global patterns of DNA …

Cell-free circulating DNA carries not only tumor-specific changes in its sequence but also
distinctive epigenetic marks, namely DNA methylation, in certain GC-rich fragments. These …

Altered DNA methylation is ubiquitous in human cancers and specific methylation changes
are often correlated with clinical features. DNA methylation biomarkers, which use those …

There are pronounced interindividual variations in drug metabolism, drug responses, and
the incidence of adverse drug reactions. To a certain extent such variability can be …

A biomarker is a molecular target analyzed in a qualitative or quantitative manner to detect
and diagnose the presence of a disease, to predict the outcome and the response to a …

Epigenetic alterations play a key role in the initiation and progression of cancer. Therefore, it
is possible to use epigenetic marks as biomarkers for predictive and precision medicine in …

Although tumor size and lymph node involvement are the current cornerstones of breast
cancer prognosis, they have not been extensively explored in relation to tumor methylation …