This manuscript reviews historical and recent studies that focus on supplementary sensory
feedback for use in upper limb prostheses. It shows that the inability of many studies to …

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) are engaging interfaces that can be of benefit
for rehabilitation therapy. However, they are still not widely used, and the use of surface …

Bionic prostheses have restorative potential. However, the complex interplay between
intuitive motor control, proprioception, and touch that represents the hallmark of human …

Conventional prosthetic arms suffer from poor controllability and lack of sensory feedback.
Owing to the absence of tactile sensory information, prosthetic users must rely on incidental …

Objective. Tactile afferents in the human hand provide fundamental information about hand-
environment interactions, which is used by the brain to adapt the motor output to the physical …

Cutaneous sensation is vital to controlling our hands and upper limbs. It helps close the
motor control loop by informing adjustments of grasping forces during object manipulations …

Advanced upper limb prostheses aim to restore coordinated hand and arm function.
However, this objective can be difficult to quantify as coordinated movements require an …

Background Sensory feedback is critical for grasping in able-bodied subjects. Consequently,
closing the loop in upper-limb prosthetics by providing artificial sensory feedback to the …

State-of-the-art high-end prostheses are electro-mechanically able to provide a great variety
of movements. Nevertheless, in order to functionally replace a human limb, it is essential that …

Background Current myoelectric prostheses lack proprioceptive information and rely on
vision for their control. Sensory substitution is increasingly developed with non-invasive …