Opto-electronic measurement techniques are well established in fluid flow investigations.
Their advantages are that they are non-intrusive, provide highly accurate measurement data …

A keyboard detects press or release of keys using one or more ranging techniques. Targets
are attached to keys of the keyboard. As keys are pressed or released, attached targets …

We address the postcollapse dynamics of a self-gravitating gas of Brownian particles in D
dimensions in both canonical and microcanonical ensembles. In the canonical ensemble …

A relatively moving surface is illuminated with a laser. Light from the laser is reflected by the
surface into an array of photosensitive elements; the reflected light includes a speckle …

An enhanced laser self-mixing Doppler velocimeter by fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is
proposed. In fiber sensing, FBG is often used as an optical filter to select the wavelength of …

An input device encodes motion using a laser self-mixing velocimeter. The laser beam is
directed at a disk or other moving member. As light from that beam is reflected back into the …

A multi-point laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV) using the arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs)
with small wavelength sensitivity (less than 1/10 of that for a conventional LDV without the …

Bias current sensitive element, Which provides a “beat” signal to a frequency detection
circuit. The frequency detection circuit includes a di?'erence frequency analog phase locked …

We present an Nb2O5-based grating coupler that employs multiple Nb2O5/SiO2 layers to
improve the optical input/output power efficiency of a scanning differential laser-Doppler …

A novel wavelength-insensitive differential laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV) without a grating
has been proposed. The proposed LDV utilizes a position shift of the beam at the input …