Interoception is the sensing of internal bodily sensations. Interoception is an umbrella term
that encompasses (1) the afferent (body‐to‐brain) signaling through distinct neural and …

In many circumstances alternative courses of action and thoughts have to be inhibited to
allow the emergence of goal-directed behavior. However, this has not been the accepted …

Research on cognitive control and executive function has long recognized the relevance of
motivational factors. Recently, however, the topic has come increasingly to center stage, with …

Cognitive effort has been implicated in numerous theories regarding normal and aberrant
behavior and the physiological response to engagement with demanding tasks. Yet, despite …

Why does performing certain tasks cause the aversive experience of mental effort and
concomitant deterioration in task performance? One explanation posits a physical resource …

Nucleus accumbens dopamine is known to play a role in motivational processes, and
dysfunctions of mesolimbic dopamine may contribute to motivational symptoms of …

Motivation has been defined as the process that allows organisms to regulate their internal
and external environment, and control the probability, proximity and availability of stimuli. As …

Fatigue can have a major impact on an individual's performance and wellbeing, yet is poorly
understood, even within the scientific community. There is no developed theory of its origins …

We propose that schizophrenia involves a combination of decreased phasic dopamine
responses for relevant stimuli and increased spontaneous phasic dopamine release. Using …

Schizophrenia is a complex and multifactorial disorder generally diagnosed in young adults
at the time of the first psychotic episode of delusions and hallucinations. These positive …