There can be no doubt that early land plant evolution transformed the planet but, until
recently, how and when this was achieved was unclear. Coincidence in the first appearance …

Auxin has always been at the forefront of research in plant physiology and development.
Since the earliest contemplations by Julius von Sachs and Charles Darwin, more than a …

Growth regulation tailors development in plants to their environment. A prominent example
of this is the response to gravity, in which shoots bend up and roots bend down. This …

Tropisms, growth responses to environmental stimuli such as light or gravity, are spectacular
examples of adaptive plant development. The plant hormone auxin serves as a major …

Abstract Whole-genome duplication (WGD), or polyploidy, events are widespread and
significant in the evolutionary history of angiosperms. However, empirical evidence for …

Gravity is one of the fundamental environmental cues that affect plant development. Indeed,
the plant architecture in the shoots and roots is modulated by gravity. Stems grow vertically …

The TIR1/AFB auxin co-receptors mediate diverse responses to the plant hormone auxin.
The Arabidopsis genome encodes six TIR1/AFB proteins representing three of the four …

Directionality in the intercellular transport of the plant hormone auxin is determined by polar
plasma membrane localization of PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin transport proteins. However …

Members of the B family of membrane-bound ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters
represent key components of the auxin efflux machinery in plants. Over the last two decades …

Auxins, a group of central hormones in plant growth and development, are transported by a
diverse range of transporters with distinct biochemical and structural properties. This review …