Rationale Genetic and environmental influences on the development of alcohol and drug
dependence are equally important. Exposure to early life stress, that is unfortunately …

The use of psychoactive drugs is a wide spread behaviour in human societies. The
systematic use of a drug requires the establishment of different drug use-associated …

Converging evidence indicates an association of the short (s), low-expressing variant of the
repeat length polymorphism, serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) …

Stress has long been associated with substance misuse and substance use disorders
(SUDs). The past two decades have seen a surge in research aimed at understanding the …

Although substantial advances have been made in behavioral and pharmacological
treatments for addictions, moving treatment development to the next stage may require novel …

As our field seeks to elucidate the biopsychosocial etiologies of mental health disorders,
many traditional psychological and social science researchers have added, or plan to add …

Substance use disorders (SUDs) are marked by heterogeneity in clinical symptomatology
and high relapse rates following treatment. Here, we describe specific peripheral and central …

Background Daily cycles of sleep/wake, hormones, and physiological processes are often
misaligned with behavioral patterns during shift work, leading to an increased risk of …

Since 2005, a rapidly expanding literature has evaluated whether environmental factors
such as socio-cultural context and adversity interact with genetic influences on drinking …

Alcoholism and drug dependence are common psychiatric disorders with a heritability of
about 50%; therefore genetic and environmental influences are equally important. Early-life …