Geographic variation in trees has been investigated since the mid‐18th century. Similar
patterns of clinal variation have been observed along latitudinal and elevational gradients in …

Assisted gene flow (AGF) between populations has the potential to mitigate maladaptation
due to climate change. However, AGF may cause outbreeding depression (especially if …

In recent years, scientists have realized that evolution can occur on timescales much shorter
than the" long lapse of ages" emphasized by Darwin—in fact, evolutionary change is …

Many studies have recorded phenotypic changes in natural populations and attributed them
to climate change. However, controversy and uncertainty has arisen around three levels of …

Loci responsible for local adaptation are likely to have more genetic differentiation among
populations than neutral loci. However, neutral loci can vary widely in their amount of …

Genetic diversity provides the basic substrate for evolution, yet few studies assess the
impacts of global climate change (GCC) on intraspecific genetic variation. In this review, we …

Comparative studies of the divergence of quantitative traits and neutral molecular markers,
known as Q ST–F ST comparisons, provide a means for researchers to distinguish between …

Although research performed in cities will not uncover new evolutionary mechanisms, it
could provide unprecedented opportunities to examine the interplay of evolutionary forces in …

Adaptation in response to selection on polygenic phenotypes may occur via subtle allele
frequencies shifts at many loci. Current population genomic techniques are not well posed to …

Most adaptive traits are controlled by large number of genes that may all together be the
targets of selection. Adaptation may thus involve multiple but not necessarily substantial …