During the past two decades, an increasing number of European countries have introduced
language requirements for residency, citizenship, and sometimes even for entry to the …

'It'sa journey of life to the passport.'Sitting with W, a Yemeni migrant who had just become
British citizen at the end of his naturalization ceremony, he reflected on the process of …

In the context of policy-driven language testing for citizenship, a growing body of research
examines the political justifications and ethical implications of language requirements and …

In response to the increasingly complex and heterogeneous immigrant communities settling
in Europe, European countries have adopted various civic integration measures. Measures …

A growing scholarly literature in a subfield of applied linguistics focuses on language testing
and language requirements for migrants. We sought to understand what theoretical …

The far right has launched its own particular crusade against gender-neutral language
(GNL). In this article, I examine how the parties Rassemblement National, in France, and …

Citizenship testing in the UK assesses the applicant's knowledge of English and of life in the
UK as part of a legal requirement. This testing is one part of the British citizenship process …

During the past decades, migration policies in Western societies have grown stricter by the
day. As part of this retrenchment, migrants are required to pass language tests to gain …

This article explores the different experiences of migrant women who are at various stages
in the UK naturalisation process, drawing on interviews in Leicester and London, United …

Over the past 20 years, an increasing number of European countries have made residence
and citizenship and even entrance to the country for family reunification, dependent on a …