Healthy articular cartilage, covering the ends of bones in major joints such as hips and
knees, presents the most efficiently‐lubricated surface known in nature, with friction …

The discovery of several unexpected complex biological roles of hyaluronic acid (HA) has
promoted new research impetus for biologists and, the clinical interest in several fields of …

Friction is a phenomenon that exists extensively in nature and industry; it has proven
necessary in daily life and beneficial in energy scavenging but is also alleged to be the main …

Superlubricity, the state of ultralow friction between two sliding surfaces, has become a
frontier subject in tribology. Here, a state-of-the-art review of the phenomena and …

Superlubricity has drawn substantial attention worldwide while the energy crisis is
challenging human beings. Hence, numerous endeavors are bestowed to design materials …

The lubrication of hydrogels arises from fluid or solvated surface phases. By contrast, the
lubricity of articular cartilage, a complex biohydrogel, has been at least partially attributed to …

Conspectus In the course of evolution, nature has achieved remarkably lubricated surfaces,
with healthy articular cartilage in the major (synovial) joints being the prime example, that …

The major synovial joints such as hips and knees are uniquely efficient tribological systems,
able to articulate over a wide range of shear rates with a friction coefficient between the …

The hydration lubrication paradigm, whereby hydration layers are both strongly held by the
charges they surround, and so can support large pressures without being squeezed out, and …

Why is friction in healthy hips and knees so low? Hydration lubrication, according to which
hydration shells surrounding charges act as lubricating elements in boundary layers …