Cancer is a complex disease resulting from abnormal cell growth that is induced by a
number of genetic and environmental factors. The tumor microenvironment (TME), which …

Drug bioavailability is a crucial aspect of pharmacology, affecting the effectiveness of drug
therapy. Understanding how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated in …

Cancer is amenable to low-cost treatments, given that it has a significant metabolic
component, which can be affected through diet and lifestyle change at minimal cost. The …

Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a superfamily of enzymes that hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides.
While the 11 PDE subfamilies share common features, key differences confer signaling …

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, and the second most
common cause of cancer-related death. In 2020, the estimated number of deaths due to …

The phosphodiesterases type 5 (PDE5) are catalytic enzymes converting the second
messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) to 5'GMP. While intracellular cGMP …

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the development of resistance
to chemotherapy drugs is a major challenge in treating malignancies. In recent years …

In brief Bull fertility is an important economic trait, this study identified some DNA methylation
biomarkers that are associated with bull fertility. Abstract Subfertile bulls may cause huge …

The cyclic nucleotides, cAMP and cGMP, are ubiquitous second messengers responsible for
translating extracellular signals to intracellular biological responses in both normal and …

Fluorescent sulfur-and nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots (CDs) are zero-dimensional
nanoparticles that mediate ROS production in cancer cells, displaying inherent anticancer …