Nowadays, the water-cooled jacket is widely used in the large industrial Czochralski (Cz)
furnace to enhance the pulling rate of the monocrystalline silicon crystal for solar cells. It is …

During silicon crystal growth, oxygen, a well-known major impurity, affects the final silicon
wafer's mechanical and electrical properties. This study focused on regulation of discharge …

Replacing silver paste contacts in silicon solar cells by electroplated nickel and copper
(Ni/Cu) connections offer potential advantages of more exceptional grid lines, lower series …

The Czochralski (CZ) process is the most commonly used method to produce single
crystalline silicon for the photovoltaic (PV) and semiconductor industry. As the demand for …

The relationship of free surface area with temperature, power, and oxygen concentration in a
silicon ingot grown by Czochralski method for solar cells was investigated by simulating the …

Light elevated temperature induced degradation (LeTID) was noted as an issue in multi-
crystalline silicon solar cells (MSSC) by Ram speck in 2012. In contrast to light induced …