The green lineage (Viridiplantae) comprises the green algae and their descendants the land
plants, and is one of the major groups of oxygenic photosynthetic eukaryotes. Current …

In the past decade, the volvocine green algae, spanning from the unicellular
Chlamydomonas to multicellular Volvox, have emerged as model organisms for a number of …

A single-source reference on the biology of algae, the third edition of Algae: Anatomy,
Biochemistry, and Biotechnology examines the most important taxa and structures for …

Micro-robots (MRs) are miniature machines with dimensions smaller than 1 mm and have
semi-or fully-autonomous capabilities, including sensing, decision-making, and performing …

How can single cells without nervous systems perform complex behaviours such as
habituation, associative learning and decision making, which are considered the hallmark of …

The green lineage of chlorophyte algae and streptophytes form a large and diverse clade
with multiple independent transitions to produce multicellular and/or macroscopically …

Patterning of a multicellular body plan involves a coordinated set of developmental
processes that includes cell division, morphogenesis, and cellular differentiation. These …

Trichoplax adhaerens is a small, ciliated marine animal that glides on surfaces grazing upon
algae, which it digests externally. It has no muscles or nervous system and only six cell …

The transition of life from single cells to more complex multicellular forms has occurred at
least two dozen times among eukaryotes and is one of the major evolutionary transitions, but …

Behaviour evolved before nervous systems. Various single-celled eukaryotes (protists) and
the ciliated larvae of sponges devoid of neurons can display sophisticated behaviours …