Cancer progression with uncontrolled tumor growth, local invasion, and metastasis depends
largely on the proteolytic activity of numerous matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which …

Cell invasion into the surrounding extracellular matrix or across tissue boundaries and
endothelial barriers occurs in both physiological and pathological scenarios such as …

Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) form a subgroup of the matrix
metalloproteinase (MMP) family, and there are 6 MT-MMPs in humans. MT-MMPs are further …

Podosomes and invadopodia are actin-based dynamic protrusions of the plasma membrane
of metazoan cells that represent sites of attachment to—and degradation of—the …

Membrane trafficking between organelles by vesiculotubular carriers is fundamental to the
existence of eukaryotic cells. Central in ensuring that cargoes are delivered to their correct …

Energy deprivation is a frequent adverse event in tumors that is caused by mutations,
malperfusion, hypoxia, and nutrition deficit. The resulting bioenergetic stress leads to …

Microvesicles are generated by the outward budding and fission of membrane vesicles from
the cell surface. Recent studies suggest that microvesicle shedding is a highly regulated …

Fibronectin (FN) is a ubiquitous extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein that plays vital roles
during tissue repair. The plasma form of FN circulates in the blood, and upon tissue injury, is …

The metastatic process, ie the dissemination of cancer cells throughout the body to seed
secondary tumors at distant sites, requires cancer cells to leave the primary tumor and to …

Background Increased mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, small GTPase
activation, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and the directed targeting of proteases to sites of …