Being born small lays the foundation for short-term and long-term implications for life.
Intrauterine or fetal growth restriction describes the pregnancy complication of pathological …

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects 10–15% of all pregnancies worldwide. IUGR
may result from maternal, placental or fetal origin. Maternal malnutrition before and during …

Objective To determine, by expert consensus, a definition for early and late fetal growth
restriction (FGR) through a Delphi procedure. Method A Delphi survey was conducted …

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) refers to the situation where a fetus does not grow
according to its genetic growth potential. One of the main causes of IUGR is uteroplacental …

Objectives Intrauterine growth restriction is associated with increased cardiovascular risk
later in life but the link between fetal disease and postnatal risk is not well‐documented. We …

Objective To identify different cardiac phenotypes among cases of fetal growth restriction
(FGR). Methods Echocardiography was performed in 126 cases with FGR (birth weight< …

Background Stillbirth affects 2.6 million pregnancies worldwide each year. Whilst the
majority of cases occur in low‐and middle‐income countries, stillbirth remains an important …

Objective To evaluate the effect of fetal growth restriction (FGR) at term on fetal and neonatal
cardiac geometry and function. Methods This was a prospective study of 87 pregnant …

Objective Because of parallel circulation in the fetus and the differential effect that various
disease states may have on the shape of the right and left ventricles, this study was …

At birth, weight of the neonate is used as a marker of the 9-month journey as a fetus. Those
neonates born less than the 10th centile for their gestational age are at risk of being …