The world confronts significant energy issues, propelled by increasing energy consumption
in buildings and escalating apprehensions regarding carbon emissions from the industry …

Amid escalating energy demands and growing environmental concerns, educational
institutions are transforming into crucibles for enduring innovation. This comprehensive …

Students require a comfortable thermal environment for better academic learning and health
in general. In Nepal, the majority of school buildings are constructed using local materials …

Electricity is used in educational buildings, and there are now numerous attempts to reduce
consumption, achieve sustainability, and protect the environment. This paper aims to study …

Solar energy is not only a green alternative to fossil energy but also a candidate for future
mainstream energy sources. To improve the efficiency and application range of solar …

Energy retrofitting is one of the critical elements in national energy efficiency action plans in
Egypt and Portugal to achieve energy efficiency in the buildings' sector. Therefore, this study …

Accurate prediction of indoor thermal environments and heating energy consumption is
crucial to building energy efficiency. However, plateau areas pose unique challenges with …

The climate change crisis has resulted in the need to use sustainable methods in
architectural design, including building form and orientation decisions that can save a …

One of the primary things damaging the environment is the use of energy. In the Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia (KSA), electricity is the main source of energy in educational buildings. To …

Energy consumption in the building sector accounts for a large percentage of global energy
consumption. For this reason, it is essential to take action to minimize this destructive …