Cancers represent complex ecosystems comprising tumor cells and a multitude of non-
cancerous cells, embedded in an altered extracellular matrix. The tumor microenvironment …

In recent years, neutrophils have attracted increasing attention because of their cancer-
promoting effects. An elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is considered a prognostic …

Tumor microenvironment denotes the non-cancerous cells and components presented in
the tumor, including molecules produced and released by them. The constant interactions …

Macrophages are critical regulators of tissue homeostasis but are also abundant in the
tumor microenvironment (TME). In both primary tumors and metastases, such tumor …

Neutrophils are major effectors and regulators of the immune system. They play critical roles
not only in the eradication of pathogens but also in cancer initiation and progression …

Tumor Associated Neutrophils (TANs) are engaged into the tumor microenvironment by
cytokines and chemokines, can be distinguished according to their activation and cytokine …

Nanoparticles have been widely used in tumor targeted drug delivery, while the antitumor
effects are not always satisfactory due to the limited penetration and retention. As we all …

The concept that progression of cancer is regulated by interactions of cancer cells with their
microenvironment was postulated by Stephen Paget over a century ago. Contemporary …

Neutrophils are indispensable antagonists of microbial infection and facilitators of wound
healing. In the cancer setting, a newfound appreciation for neutrophils has come into view …

Chronic inflammation increases the risk of several cancers, including gastric, colon, and
hepatic cancers. Conversely, tumors, similar to tissue injury, trigger an inflammatory …