Spasticity is a common condition in stroke survivors, and may be associated with pain and
joint contracture, leading to poor quality of life and increased caregiver burden. Although the …

Objective. This report describes the consensus outcome of an interdisciplinary workshop
that was held at the National Institutes of Health in April 2001. The purpose of the workshop …

Spastic paresis follows chronic disruption of the central execution of volitional command.
Motor function in patients with spastic paresis is subjected over time to three fundamental …

In clinical practice, signs of exaggerated tendon tap reflexes associated with muscle
hypertonia are generally thought to be responsible for spastic movement disorders. Most …

Spasticity is a term, which was introduced to describe the velocity‐sensitive increased
resistance of a limb to manipulation in subjects with lesions of descending motor pathways …

This review summarizes current information regarding the changes in structure or function
that occur in skeletal muscle secondary to spasticity. Most published studies have reported …

The mechanical properties of isolated single muscle fiber segments were measured in
muscle cells obtained from patients undergoing surgery for correction of flexion contractures …

In human locomotion, we continuously modulate joint mechanical impedance of the lower
limb (hip, knee, and ankle) either voluntarily or reflexively to accommodate environmental …

The total mechanical response to a stretch in a contracting muscle is the sum of the
response from the properties of the fibres contracting prior to the stretch (intrinsic properties) …

Purpose: To discuss the measurement of spasticity in the clinical and research
environments, make recommendations based on the SPASM reviews of biomechanical …