The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and ever-changing “rogue organ”
composed of its own blood supply, lymphatic and nervous systems, stroma, immune cells …

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are prominent components of the microenvironment in
most types of solid tumors, and were shown to facilitate cancer progression by supporting …

There is much cellular heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment. The tumor epithelia
and stromal cells co-evolve, and this reciprocal relationship dictates almost every step of …

Abstract Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), at the core of immunosuppressive cells
and cytokines networks, play a crucial role in tumor immune evasion. Increasing evidences …

Cancer immunotherapy is quickly growing to be the fourth most important cancer therapy,
after surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Immunotherapy is the most promising …

Owing to the fast-paced growth and cross-infiltration of oncology, immunology and
molecular biology, tumor immunotherapy technology represented by immune checkpoint …

Simple Summary This review article presents a synopsis of the key clinical developments,
their limitations, and future perspectives in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. In the first part …

Although the mechanisms underlying the genesis and progression of breast cancer are
better understood than ever, it is still the most frequent malignant tumor in women and one of …

In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC), lymphoid infiltrates, comprised mainly of Th2
cells, predict a poor survival outcome in patients. IL4 signaling has been suggested to …

Abstract Chemokine (CC motif) ligand 7 (CCL7), a CC chemokine, is a chemotactic factor
and attractant for various kinds of leukocytes, including monocytes and neutrophils. CCL7 is …