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Genomic analysis of many nonmodel species has uncovered an incredible diversity of sex
chromosome systems, making it possible to empirically test the rich body of evolutionary …

The brown algae (Phaeophyceae) are a group of multicellular heterokonts that are
ubiquitous in today's oceans. Large brown algae from multiple orders are the foundation to …

The human Y chromosome is intriguing not only because it harbours the master-switch gene
that determines gender but also because of its unusual evolutionary history. The Y …

Sexual reproduction is a fundamental aspect of life. It is defined by the occurrence of meiosis
and the fusion of two gametes of different sexes or mating types. Sex-determination …

The DNA-binding protein PRDM9 has a critical role in specifying meiotic recombination
hotspots in mice and apes, but it appears to be absent from other vertebrate species …

Among dioecious flowering plants, females and males often differ in a range of
morphological, physiological, and life-history traits. This is referred to as sexual dimorphism …

Sex chromosomes have evolved many times in animals and studying these replicate
evolutionary “experiments” can help broaden our understanding of the general forces …

Background In mammals, X chromosome genes are present in one copy in males and two in
females. To balance the dosage of X-linked gene expression between the sexes, one of the …

Contrary to classic theory prediction, sex-chromosome homomorphy is prevalent in the
animal kingdom but it is unclear how ancient homomorphic sex chromosomes avoid …