The circadian rhythm is crucial for physiological and behavioral functions. Chronotype,
which represents individual preferences for activity and performance, is associated with …

Since the discovery of melanopsin as a retinal non-visual photopigment, opsins have been
described in several organs and cells. This distribution is strikingly different from the …

Diverse specialised neuroglial cells guarantee the development, preservation, and health of
the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system, the enteric nervous system, and …

Abstract Circadian (24-h) clocks are cell-autonomous biological oscillators that orchestrate
many aspects of our physiology on a daily basis. Numerous circadian rhythms in …

Myopia is an abnormal vision condition characterized by difficulties in seeing distant objects.
Myopia has become a public health issue not only in Asian countries but also in Western …

Along evolution, living organisms developed a precise timekeeping system, circadian
clocks, to adapt life to the 24-h light/dark cycle and temporally regulate physiology and …

Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced DNA damage is a major risk factor for skin cancer
development. UV-induced redistribution of melanin near keratinocyte nuclei leads to the …

Photosensitive opsins detect light and perform image-or nonimage-forming tasks. Opsins
such as the “classical” visual opsins and melanopsin are well studied. However, the retinal …

Animal models are critical for understanding the initiation and progression of myopia, a
refractive condition that causes blurred distance vision. The prevalence of myopia is rapidly …

The retina of vertebrates is responsible for detecting and capturing ambient light for image
and non-image forming (NIF) functions through diverse projections to the brain which …