The present interglacial, the Holocene, spans the period of the last 11,700 years. It has
sustained the growth and development of modern society. The millennial-scale decreasing …

Several late Quaternary studies have recorded cold and disturbed climates centred during
the mid-first millennium AD and discussed these conditions under the term 'Dark Ages Cold …

Proxy reconstructions from marine sediment cores indicate peak temperatures in the first half
of the last and current interglacial periods (the thermal maxima of the Holocene epoch …

A comprehensive database of paleoclimate records is needed to place recent warming into
the longer-term context of natural climate variability. We present a global compilation of …

Reproducible climate reconstructions of the Common Era (1 CE to present) are key to
placing industrial-era warming into the context of natural climatic variability. Here we present …

A new temperature reconstruction with decadal resolution, covering the last two millennia, is
presented for the extratropical Northern Hemisphere (90–30° N), utilizing many palaeo …

Although detailed age models exist for some marine sediment records of the last glacial
cycle (0–150 ka), age models for many cores rely on the stratigraphic correlation of benthic …

The Holocene Thermal Maximum with peak temperatures prior to 7 ka BP is mostly
accentuated in the Northern Hemisphere, still visible in the Southern Hemisphere and …

Assessing the impact of future anthropogenic carbon emissions is currently impeded by
uncertainties in our knowledge of equilibrium climate sensitivity to atmospheric carbon …

Although the Pacific Ocean is a major reservoir of heat and CO2, and thus an important
component of the global climate system, its circulation under different climatic conditions is …