The vast majority of previous experimental studies on the thoracic spine were performed
without the entire rib cage, while significant contributive aspects regarding stability and …

Pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) is an invasive surgical technique allowing the
restoration of a well-balanced sagittal profile, however, the risks of pseudarthrosis and …

Deciphering the biological function of rare or extinct species is key to understanding
evolutionary patterns across the tree of life. While soft tissues are vital determinants of joint …

Besides manatees, the suspensory extant 'tree sloths' are the only mammals that deviate
from a cervical count (CC) of seven vertebrae. They do so in opposite directions in the two …

The spine is the first site for incidence of bone metastasis. Thus, the vertebrae have a high
potential risk of being weakened by metastatic tissues. The evaluation of strength of the …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Manual contouring of spinal rods is often required
intraoperatively for proper alignment of the rods within the pedicle screw heads. Residual …

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Lumbar interbody fusion is an effective treatment for unstable
spinal segments. However, the time needed to establish a solid bony interbody fusion …

OBJECTIVE Degenerative lumbar scoliosis, or de novo degenerative lumbar scoliosis, can
result in spinal canal stenosis, which is often accompanied by disabling symptoms. When …

Growth-preserving spinal surgery suffer from high complications rate. A recent bipolar
instrumentation using two anchoring points (thoracic and pelvic) showed lower rates, but its …

Degenerative lumbar scoliosis presumably alters spinal biomechanics, but a lack of
quantitative reference measurements of these spines exists. We aimed to assess the …