This article reviews the theoretical and the empirical literature on regionalism. The formation
of regional trade agreements has been, by far, the most popular form of reciprocal trade …

This paper offers an overview of the debate on the merits of regional arrangements as an
instrument of trade liberalization. While the advocates of these arrangements view them as …

This book explores whether the world economy is breaking up into regional trading and
currency blocs centred on the European Community, Japan and the United States. Frankel …

Economic regionalism appears to be growing rapidly. Why this has occurred and what
bearing it will have on the global economy are issues that have generated considerable …

Jagdish Bhagwati, the internationally renowned economist who uniquely combines a
reputation as the leading scholar of international trade with a substantial presence in public …

'Given the remarkable increase in regional integration agreements [RIAs] in the past decade,
understanding of their economic rationale and consequences is essential. Schiff and …

“TRADE is BAD.” So wrote President Donald Trump on a draft speech he was editing on Air
Force One while returning from a G-20 summit meeting in 2017.1 This statement reflects the …

We apply a gravity model to 1980–1996 annual nonfuel imports data for 58 countries to
quantify the effects of recently created or revamped PTAs on trade. We modify the gravity …

Preferential trading arrangements (PTAs) play an increasingly prominent role in the global
political economy, two notable examples being the European Union and the North American …

Once again, regionalism is afoot. Twin late‐1980s announcements, by the United States and
Canada of negotiations for a free‐trade area, and by the EU of an attempt to complete its …