Abstract The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has declared that education is a central
focus of their anti-doping strategy. This is evident in the expansion of Article 18 of the 2021 …

Evidence of the continuous rise of novel doping agents and novel doping strategies calls for
the development of more accurate multi‐target screening methods. Direct multi‐target …

In this study, the direct analysis of doping agents in urine samples with no sample
preparation by a modified paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS) methodology has been …

The present study examined, for the first time, the multivariate association between social
norms, negative self-conscious emotions, and self-regulatory efficacy and doping intentions …

Background The zero-tolerance approach to doping in sport has long been criticised.
Legalising 'doping'under medical supervision has been proposed as a better way of …

A common justification for anti-doping policy is that performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs)
are harmful to the health of the athlete. Training for elite performance is not a healthy activity …

Theorising on athlete doping has tended to focus on the creation of deductive models. Such
models make assumptions on the ways in which athletes conceptualise issues surrounding …

The objective of the present research was to examine doping-related decisional trade-offs,
and their relationship with health risk perceptions towards doping and moral attitudes in …

Due to developments in science and biotechnology, the concept of 'gene doping'is emerging
as the number one threat to fair play in sport. This procedure, which involves the …

A key feature of Iranian sporting clubs is the increased focus on the concept of Corporate
Social Responsibility (CSR). A large number of Iranian sporting clubs are employing CSR …