Using information local to the premerger equilibrium, we derive approximations of the
expected changes in prices and welfare generated by a merger. We extend the pricing …

In 1945, the Aluminum Company of America (" Alcoa") was like the Apple or Amazon of
today. Founded by a backyard inventor who had discovered a low-cost way of smelting …

Measuring upward pricing pressure (UPP) has recently been proposed by Farrell and
Shapiro (2010) as an alternative screening device for horizontal mergers. We extend the …

This paper lays out and extends a derivation of the “upward pricing pressure”(“UPP”) tool for
analyzing unilateral competitive effects of horizontal mergers on differentiated products that …

In 2010 a raft of articles offered contrasting views on analytical tools for assessing unilateral
effects from differentiated products mergers. They provided some useful insights but did not …

For over 15 years, analysts have searched for a better method to evaluate the potential
competitive effects from anticompetitive mergers involving differentiated products. 1 The …

Upward Pricing Pressure in Horizontal Merger Analysis: Reply to Epstein and Rubinfeld Page 1
The BE Journalof Theoretical Economics Policies and Perspectives Volume 10, Issue 1 2010 …

The 2010 horizontal merger guidelines issued by the antitrust agencies de-emphasize
market definition, which has been a foundation of merger law for decades and was required …

Abstract Joseph Farrell and Carl Shapiro proposed a simple test of the possible upward
pricing pressure (UPP) following a merger. They showed that the test may give false …

2 METODE FOR MARKEDSAVGRENSNING Markedsavgrensning dreier seg om å finne ut
hvilke produkter som er nære substitutter og dermed tilhører det samme relevante marked …