Dynamical changes in protein structures are essential for protein function and occur over
femtoseconds to seconds timescales. X‐ray free electron lasers have facilitated …

Phytochromes are ubiquitous photosensor proteins, which control the growth, reproduction
and movement in plants, fungi and bacteria. Phytochromes switch between two …

Phytochromes are ubiquitous photoreceptors responsible for sensing light in plants, fungi
and bacteria. Their photoactivation is initiated by the photoisomerization of the embedded …

The rise of public and other non-recreational digital services is based on the idea of catering
to the daily needs of the citizens cost-efficiently and with ease. Previous research has …

Bacterial phytochrome photoreceptors usually belong to two-component signaling systems
which transmit environmental stimuli to a response regulator through a histidine kinase …

Phytochromes are red-light photoreceptors discovered in plants with homologs in bacteria
and fungi that regulate a variety of physiological responses. They display a reversible …

Phytochromes are ubiquitous photoreceptor proteins that undergo a significant refolding of
secondary structure in response to initial photoisomerization of the chromophoric group …

Phytochrome proteins regulate many photoresponses of plants and microorganisms. Light
absorption causes isomerization of the biliverdin chromophore, which triggers a series of …

Highlights•Fluorescent probes or optogenetic tools can be developed using phytochrome
modules.•Bacteriophytochromes provide advantageous properties in protein engineering …

Phytochromes are photoreceptors in plants, fungi, and various microorganisms and cycle
between metastable red light–absorbing (Pr) and far-red light–absorbing (Pfr) states. Their …