Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs), negative allosteric modulators (NAMs), silent
agonists, allosteric activating PAMs and neutral or silent allosteric modulators are …

Cisplatin is a potent antineoplastic agent widely used for a variety of cancer types.
Unfortunately, its use leads to dose limiting side effects such as ototoxicity. Up to 93% of …

Amplification of incoming sounds in the inner ear is modulated by an efferent pathway which
travels back from the brain all the way to the cochlea. The medial olivocochlear system …

“Growing old” is the most common cause of hearing loss. Age-related hearing loss
(ARHL)(presbycusis) first affects the ability to understand speech in background noise, even …

In the nervous system, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) rapidly transduce a
chemical signal into one that is electrical via ligand-gated ion flux through the central …

Mechanosensory hair cells of the organ of Corti transmit information regarding sound to the
central nervous system by way of peripheral afferent neurons. In return, the central nervous …

In the mature auditory system, inner hair cells (IHCs) convert sound-induced vibrations into
electrical signals that are relayed to the central nervous system via auditory afferents. Before …

This chapter covers the chemistry and pharmacology of efferent transmission in the cochlea,
starting with an overview of the biochemical and biophysical steps following the arrival of an …

Homomeric α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are a well‐established, pharmacologically
distinct subtype. The more recently identified α9 subunit can also form functional …

Cholinergic transmission is essential for survival and reproduction, as it is involved in
several physiological responses. In the auditory system, both ascending and descending …