Royal jelly (RJ), a substance secreted by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of
nurse worker bees, is widely used in medical products, dietary supplements, health foods …

Background The hypopharyngeal gland of worker bees contributes to the production of the
royal jelly fed to queens and larvae. The gland consists of thousands of two-cell units that …

It is estimated that more than 500 species of insects have been introduced to the Galápagos
Islands via human activities. One of these insect invaders is the yellow paper wasp, Polistes …

We provide insights into the secretory pathway of arthropod gland systems by comparing the
royal jelly-producing hypopharyngeal glands and the venom-producing glands of the …

We describe a novel cytoskeletal element within secretory cells of an arthropod gland
system, the hypopharyngeal gland of the honeybee, Apis mellifera. The hypopharyngeal …

Exocrine glands are involved in several wasp colony activities; however, the number of
known glands in the Vespidae is rather low when compared to other social insect groups …

Background Hymenoptera that mass-provision their offspring have evolved elaborate
antimicrobial strategies to ward off fungal infestation of the highly nutritive larval food …

The division of labor is a central theme in the study of social insects. In bees and wasps, this
activity is regulated by age polyethism. Important physiological and morphological changes …

The honeybee hypopharyngeal gland consists in numerous units, each comprising a
secretory cell and a canal cell. The secretory cell discharges its products into a convoluted …

Background Hymenoptera that mass-provision their offspring have evolved elaborate
antimicrobial strategies to ward off fungal infestation of the highly nutritive larval food …