As the number of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) increases, it brings great suffering
to their families and causes a heavy socioeconomic burden to society. A vast amount of …

Alzheimer disease (AD) is associated with multiple etiologies and pathological mechanisms,
among which oxidative stress (OS) appears as a major determinant. Intriguingly, OS arises …

Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are two common neurodegenerative diseases
of the elderly people that have devastating effects in terms of morbidity and mortality. The …

Neurons are highly specialized post-mitotic cells that are inherently dependent on
mitochondria owing to their high bioenergetic demand. Mitochondrial dysfunction is …

Living cells continually generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the respiratory
chain during energetic metabolism. ROS at low or moderate concentration can play …

Tau protein is abundant in the central nervous system and involved in microtubule assembly
and stabilization. It is predominantly associated with axonal microtubules and present at …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) belongs to a group of neurodegenerative diseases collectively
designated as “tauopathies”, because they are characterized by the aggregation of …

It is estimated that the prevalence rate of Alzheimer's disease (AD) will double by the year
2040. Although currently available treatments help with symptom management, they do not …

Cerebrovascular diseases, such as ischemic stroke, pose serious medical challenges
worldwide due to their high morbidity and mortality and limitations in clinical treatment …

Aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) and Tau protein are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD),
and according to the Aβ-cascade hypothesis, Aβ is considered toxic for neurons and Tau a …