There is a growing concern that when scores from low‐stakes assessments are reported
without considering student motivation as a construct of interest, biased conclusions about …

Test-taking motivation (TTM) has been found to have a profound effect on low-stakes test
results. From the components of TTM test-taking effort has been shown to be the strongest …

In this study I examined the oft-made claim that correlated residuals result from similarities in
item meaning. I also investigated the degree to which administering items with similar …

Video games are a favorite leisure-time activity among teenagers worldwide. This study
examines cross-national gender differences in reading achievement and video gaming and …

Four decades of research have shown that students' low test-taking effort is a serious threat
to the validity of score-based inferences from low-stakes, group-based educational …

Background A potential problem of low-stakes large-scale assessments such as the
Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) is low test …

Context: Neurocognitive test scores are often considered an important aspect of concussion
management. To best use these data, clinicians must understand potential factors that may …

Females tend to perform worse than males on math and science tests, but they perform
better on verbal reading tests. Here, by analysing performance during a cognitive test, we …

The increased availability of time‐related information as a result of computer‐based
assessment has enabled new ways to measure test‐taking engagement. One of these ways …

This study investigated whether different groups of test-takers vary in their reported test-
taking behaviour in a high-stakes test situation. A between-group design (N= 1129) was …