Middle ear ossicles transfer and amplify sound waves from the Tympanic Membrane (TM) to
the inner ear and function as impedance transformers to overcome impedance mismatches …

Otitis media (OM) is an umbrella term for a number of conditions associated with middle ear
inflammation. Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), a type of OM, is characterized by …

In palaeopathological research, otitis media (OM) is a rarely reported disease, although it is
one of the most common diseases of childhood, with potentially severe consequences …

Middle ear disease often leads to ossicular erosion, impairing auditory function and
frequently requiring ossicular chain reconstruction (OCR) for hearing restoration. Columella …

Objective: Ossicular discontinuity may result from chronic suppurative otitis media and is
usually detected intraoperatively. Our objective is to determine whether a preoperative …

Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was performed in 76 cases of
COM, who were subjected to tympanomastoidectomy. Pre-operative findings were …

The process of urbanization in medieval Europe brought spatial, political, economic, and
social changes when compared to rural environments that had an impact on the biology of …

Introduction: Chronic suppurative otitis media is associated with ossicular necrosis. Both
safe and unsafe CSOM have incidence of ossicular necrosis. This study will provide the …

Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is an on-going chronic or persisting otorrhea over
3–6 weeks through a perforated tympanic membrane without an intact tympanic membrane …

Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is defined as a chronic inflammation of the middle
ear cleft, which presents with recurrent ear discharges or otorrhea through a tympanic …