The application of the effective stress principle to unsaturated soils is critically reviewed, and
the reasons underlying the difficulties in previous investigations of the effective stress in …

The paper presents a review of constitutive modelling of unsaturated soils. After a brief
historical perspective, a number of existing constitutive models are classified and discussed …

The range of problems that geotechnical engineers must face is increasing in complexity
and scope. Often, complexity arises from the interaction between the soil and the …

The effective stress principle, conventionally applied in saturated soils, is reviewed for
constitutive modelling purposes. The assumptions for the applicability of Terzaghi's single …

The disturbed state concept (DSC) is a unified, constitutive modelling approach for
engineering materials that allows for elastic, plastic, and creep strains, microcracking and …

This paper presents a complete finite‐element treatment for unsaturated soil problems. A
new formulation of general constitutive equations for unsaturated soils is first presented. In …

Models for thermo-hydro-mechanical behavior of saturated/unsaturated porous media are
reviewed. The necessary balance equations are derived using averaging theories …

This paper presents an overview of constitutive modelling of unsaturated soils and the
numerical algorithms for solving the associated boundary value problems. It first discusses …

SUMMARY A constitutive model, accounting for multiphase and multiscale coupling, is
proposed for the water retention domain and the stress–strain response of compacted …

This paper introduces an unconventional constitutive model for soils, which deals with a
unified thermo‐mechanical modelling for unsaturated soils. The relevant temperature and …