Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have attracted growing awareness in the twenty-first century, as they
are generally considered to have direct oncolysis and cancer immune effects. With the …

The immune system is capable of recognizing tumors and eliminates many early malignant
cells. However, tumors evolve to evade immune attack, and the tumor microenvironment is …

Increasing evidence demonstrates that radiation acts as an immune stimulus, recruiting
immune mediators that enable anti-tumor responses within and outside the radiation field …

Simple Summary Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with a
dismal prognosis. While immunotherapy has been deemed a breakthrough treatment for …

Background Despite aggressive standard of care (SOC) treatment, survival of malignant
gliomas remains very poor. This Phase II, prospective, matched controlled, multicenter trial …

While opening new frontiers for the cure of malignant and non-malignant diseases, the
increasing use of cell therapy poses also several new challenges related to the safety of a …

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common and aggressive type of
pancreatic cancer and has abysmal survival rates. In the past two decades …

Background Gene-mediated cytotoxic immunotherapy (GMCI) is a tumor-specific immune
stimulatory strategy implemented through local delivery of aglatimagene besadenovec (AdV …

The use of enzyme/prodrug system has gained attention because it could help improve the
efficacy and safety of conventional cancer chemotherapies. In this approach, cancer cells …

Background Combined immunotherapy approaches are promising cancer treatments. We
evaluated anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) treatment combined with gene …