Britain has been inhabited by humans for over half a million years, during which time there
were a great many changes in lifestyles and in the surrounding landscape. This book, now …

The development of the first urban centers is one of the most fundamental phenomena in the
history of temperate Europe. New research demonstrates that the earliest cities developed …

Widely regarded as major visible field monuments of the Iron Age, hillforts are central to an
understanding of later prehistoric communities in Britain and Europe from the later Bronze …

War and conflict have been a harsh reality of human existence in recent world history.
Archaeological sources reveal this was also the case in prehistory, going back to the very …

The past two decades have seen important changes in the ways in which archaeologists
perceive interpersonal violence in the past. Prehistoric archaeology in particular provides a …

This paper proposes a new view of conflict in European Iron Age societies: considering
isolationism as an alternative to warfare. Study of the castros (fortified settlements) of the …

ABSTRACT Hillforts in Ireland and Europe have often been regarded as defensive
structures or monuments built to facilitate and strengthen community cohesion and identity …

European first millennium BC studies have witnessed an increasing theoretical divide
between the approaches adopted in different countries. Whilst topics such as ethnicity …

This chapter reviews the material evidence for violence in Early and Middle Bronze Age
Hungary. This evidence can be categorised into a number of classes, such as weapons …

Although the nuanced and complex nature of conflict in pre-literate societies like those
documented in the West-Central European Iron Age before the arrival of the Romans has …