Background: In 2004, the term acute kidney injury (AKI) was introduced with the intention of
broadening our understanding of rapid declines in renal function and to replace the …

Background The role of methylene blue (MB) in patients with vasodilatory shock is unclear.
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and …

Shock is characterized by cellular and tissue hypoxia, caused by increased oxygen demand,
insufficient oxygen delivery, impaired oxygen utilization, or a combination of these factors. 1 …

Background Vasodilatory hypotension is common in critically ill and perioperative patients
and is associated with adverse outcomes. As a nitric oxide production inhibitor, methylene …

Hydroxocobalamin inhibits nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation, and has been used in settings
of refractory shock. However, its effectiveness and role in treating hypotension remain …

Vasoplegic syndrome is a relatively common complication that can happen during and after
major adult cardiac surgery. It is associated with a higher rate of complications, including …

Patients undergoing surgery for acute infective endocarditis are among those with the
highest risk. Their preoperative condition has significant impact on outcomes. There are …