Proteins are nature's primary building blocks for the construction of sophisticated molecular
machines and dynamic materials, ranging from protein complexes such as photosystem II …

Cytokines are secreted signalling proteins that play essential roles in the initiation,
maintenance and resolution of immune responses. Although the unique ability of cytokines …

Cytokines signal through cell surface receptor dimers to initiate activation of intracellular
Janus kinases (JAKs). We report the 3.6-angstrom–resolution cryo–electron microscopy …

The computational de novo protein design is increasingly applied to address a number of
key challenges in biomedicine and biological engineering. Successes in expanding …

INTRODUCTION Antibodies that bind tightly to targets of interest play central roles in
biological research and medicine. Clusters of antibodies, typically generated by fusing …

Cytokines are a class of potent immunoregulatory proteins that are secreted in response to
various stimuli and act locally to regulate many aspects of human physiology and disease …

Proteins with desired functions and properties are important in fields like nanotechnology
and biomedicine. De novo protein design enables the production of previously unseen …

The immune checkpoint receptor lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG3) inhibits T cell
function upon binding to major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC class II) or …

Homodimeric class I cytokine receptors are assumed to exist as preformed dimers that are
activated by ligand-induced conformational changes. We quantified the dimerization of three …

Cytokines are powerful immune modulators that initiate signaling through receptor
dimerization, but natural cytokines have structural limitations as therapeutics. We present a …