Antioxidant system loss after slaughtering, reactive species production, cell disruption,
contact with oxygen and light, heme and nonheme iron, and irradiation starts up mainly by 2 …

Free radicals and other reactive species (RS) are thought to play an important role in many
human diseases. Establishing their precise role requires the ability to measure them and the …

Free radical damage is an important factor in many pathological and toxicological
processes. Despite extensive research efforts in biomarkers in recent years, yielding …

Abstract In south‐east Asia, Taiwan and Papua New Guinea, smoking, alcohol consumption
and chewing of betel quid with or without tobacco or areca nut with or without tobacco are …

Betel quid (BQ)-chewing is a popular oral habit with potential links to the occurrence of oral
cancer. Many of the literature-based studies reveal that areca nut (AN) extract may …

Betel quid and areca nut are complex mixture carcinogens, but little is known about whether
their derived single-agent arecoline or arecoline N-oxide (ANO) is carcinogenic, and the …

Global reports estimate 600 million betel quid (BQ) chewers. BQ chewing has been
demonstrated not only to be a risk factor for cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx and oral …

Objective The review aims to comprehend various factors engaged in the alteration of
molecular events resulting in Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and its malignant …

Oral cancer ranks first among all cancers in males and is the third most common among
females in India. Tobacco-derived carcinogens are involved in the development of oral …

Oral cancers (OC) are among the most frequent malignancies encountered in Southeast
Asia, primarily due to the prevalent habit of betel quid (BQ) and smokeless tobacco use in …