Coral reefs are found in a wide range of environments, where they provide food and habitat
to a large range of organisms as well as providing many other ecological goods and …

Marine zooplankton comprise a phylogenetically and functionally diverse assemblage of
protistan and metazoan consumers that occupy multiple trophic levels in pelagic food webs …

The ocean's biological carbon pump transfers carbon from the surface ocean to the deep
ocean by several distinct pathways, including gravitational settling of organic particles …

The role of macroalgae in Blue Carbon assessments has been controversial, partially due to
uncertainties about the fate of exported macroalgae. Available evidence suggests that …

Climate change is fundamentally altering marine and coastal ecosystems on a global scale.
While the effects of ocean warming and acidification on ecology and ecosystem functions …

Ocean ecosystems have responded and will continue to respond to climate changes of
different rates, magnitudes, and durations (virtually certain). Human societies depend on …

We have developed a global biogeographic classification of the mesopelagic zone to reflect
the regional scales over which the ocean interior varies in terms of biodiversity and function …

The deep sea, the largest biome on Earth, has a series of characteristics that make this
environment both distinct from other marine and land ecosystems and unique for the entire …

The vertical separation of organic matter formation from respiration can lead to net carbon
sequestration within the ocean's interior, making the biological pump an important …

Mesobot, an autonomous underwater vehicle, addresses specific unmet needs for observing
and sampling a variety of phenomena in the ocean's midwaters. The midwater hosts a vast …