The cumulative science linking stress to negative health outcomes is vast. Stress can affect
health directly, through autonomic and neuroendocrine responses, but also indirectly …

The activation of stress-related neuroendocrine systems helps to maintain homeostasis, but
excessive stress can damage body functions. We review current evidence from basic …

Most disease-associated variants, although located in putatively regulatory regions, do not
have detectable effects on gene expression. One explanation could be that we have not …

Aging involves decline in a range of functional abilities and phenotypes, many of which are
also associated with socioeconomic status (SES). Here we assessed whether lower SES is …

BACKGROUND The social environment shapes human health, producing strong
relationships between social factors, disease risk, and survival. The strength of these links …

Purpose of review This manuscript reviews the epidemiological data linking psychosocial
stress to cardiovascular disease (CVD), describes recent advances in understanding the …

Highlights•Chronic stress activates a conserved transcriptional response to adversity
(CTRA).•The CTRA involves increased inflammation and decreased antiviral activity.•The …

Humans display remarkable interindividual variation in their immune response to identical
challenges. Yet, our understanding of the genetic and epigenetic factors contributing to such …

Individuals occupying dominant and subordinate positions in social hierarchies exhibit
divergent behaviours, physiology and neural functioning. Dominant animals express higher …

Background: Despite a vast air pollution epidemiology literature to date and the recognition
that lower-socioeconomic status (SES) populations are often disproportionately exposed to …