This review begins with a discussion of the large family of Staphylococcus aureus and beta-
hemolytic streptococcal pyrogenic toxin T lymphocyte superantigens from structural and …

This article reviews the literature regarding the structure and function of two types of
exotoxins expressed by Staphylococcus aureus, pyrogenic toxin superantigens (PTSAgs) …

T lymphocytes expressing γδ T cell antigen receptors (TCRs) comprise evolutionarily
conserved cells with paradoxical features. On the one hand, clonally expanded γδ T cells …

Since the first crystal structure determinations of αβ T cell receptors (TCRs) bound to class I
MHC-peptide (pMHC) antigens in 1996, a sizable database of 24 class I and class II …

Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that produces a wide array of toxins,
thus causing various types of disease symptoms. Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs), a …

▪ Abstract While still incomplete, the first data concerning the biochemistry of T cell receptor–
ligand interactions in cell-free systems seem to have considerable predictive value …

▪ Abstract Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is an acute onset illness characterized by fever, rash
formation, and hypotension that can lead to multiple organ failure and lethal shock, as well …

Staphylococcus aureus produces a virulence factor, protein A (SpA), that contains five
homologous Ig-binding domains. The interactions of SpA with the Fab region of membrane …

The bacterial superantigens are protein toxins that bind to major histocompatibility complex
class II and T‐cell receptor to stimulate large numbers of T cells. The majority are produced …

Superantigens (SAgs) are the most powerful T cell mitogens ever discovered.
Concentrations of less than 0· 1 pg/ml of a bacterial superantigen are sufficient to stimulate …