Interactions between plants and soil biota resist invasion by some nonnative plants and
facilitate others. In this review, we organize research and ideas about the role of soil biota as …

The symbiosis between plants and nitrogen‐fixing bacteria is widespread among legumes
and actinorhizal plants within the nitrogen‐fixing root nodule (NFN) clade. However, there …

Soil bacteria that also form mutualistic symbioses in plants encounter two major levels of
selection. One occurs during adaptation to and survival in soil, and the other occurs in …

Most plants require mutualistic associations to survive, which can be an important limitation
on their ability to become invasive. There are four strategies that permit plants to become …

Degraded lands are defined by soils that have lost primary productivity due to abiotic or
biotic stresses. Among the abiotic stresses, drought, salinity, and heavy metals are the main …

Symbiotic association of the N 2-fixing actinomycete Frankia with the roots of more than 200
tree species from 24 genera of 8 families of angiosperms has been studied since 1829. The …

Molecular phylogenetic approaches have begun to outline the origin, distribution and
diversity of actinorhizal partners. Geographic isolation of Frankia and its host plants resulting …

The actinorhizal plants that are nodulated by the symbiotic, N2-fixing actinomycete Frankia
include 25 genera in 8 families of angiospermous plants (Table 1). Actinorhizal plant …

The genus Frankia is at present the sole genus in the family Frankiaceae and encompasses
filamentous, sporangia-forming actinomycetes principally isolated from root nodules of …

The 'Synergistes' group, which apparently represents an as yet unnamed division of the
bacteria, was explored in 93 anaerobic environments (guts, soils, digestors, etc.). From 16S …